What is it?
Kratom comes from the leaves of a tree native to Southeast Asia. Its leaves contain naturally occurring compounds that affect the brain and body. Researchers continue to study kratom to better understand its short- and long-term health effects.
Kratom is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat any medical condition. Some people report using kratom for pain, opioid withdrawal symptoms, energy, or other reasons, but its safety and effectiveness for these purposes have not been established.
Kratom has traditionally been used in parts of Southeast Asia. Products sold in the United States may be processed or concentrated and are available as powders, capsules, teas, liquid extracts, and other forms. The strength and amount of active ingredients can vary among products, making their effects difficult to predict.
What is 7-OH?
Only small amounts of 7-OH are found in natural kratom leaves. But some companies extract or concentrate 7-OH and sell it in products labeled as 7-OH or as kratom. These products can be much stronger than natural kratom. It’s important for people to know what they’re consuming. Research suggests that 7-OH may be about 13 times more potent than morphine.
Health effects and risks
Kratom has not been proven safe or effective for treating any medical condition. Health effects can vary depending on the product, amount used, and whether other substances are also used.
Poison control centers have received thousands of reports about kratom use, including some deaths. Reported side effects include high blood pressure, confusion, and seizures.
Reported health effects of kratom include:
- weight loss
- dry mouth
- nausea & vomiting
- constipation
- liver problems
- muscle pain
- high blood pressure
Kratom can also affect the brain and nervous system. It may cause:
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- hallucinations
- delusions
- depression
- trouble breathing
- confusion
- tremors
- seizures
Kratom has been identified in deaths in Iowa and nationally. Some deaths have involved kratom along with other substances.
Effects on the brain & body
Kratom can produce different effects depending on the product and the person using it. People have reported both stimulant-like effects, such as increased energy and alertness, and opioid-like effects, such as relaxation and sedation.
Kratom contains several active compounds, including mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH). The amount of these compounds can vary considerably among products.
Kratom may also interact with medications or other substances, which can increase the risk of serious health effects. Researchers are continuing to study both the short- and long-term effects of kratom.
Dependence and withdrawal
Regular or prolonged kratom use may lead to dependence. People who stop using kratom after frequent use may experience withdrawal symptoms. Anyone concerned about their kratom use can contact Your Life Iowa for confidential support.
Other names for kratom
- Thang
- Kakuam
- Herbal speedball
- Thom
- Ketum
- Biak
